Book Review: Madness: Race and Insanity in a Jim Crow Asylum by Antonia Hylton

Title: Madness: Race and Insanity in a Jim Crow Asylum

Author: Antonia Hylton

Series/Standalone: Standalone

Genre: Nonfiction, History, Race, Mental Health

Pages: 368

Publisher: Legacy Lit

Year Published: 2024

Format: Audiobook 

"On a cold day in March of 1911, officials marched twelve Black men into the heart of a forest in Maryland. Under the supervision of a doctor, the men were forced to clear the land, pour cement, lay bricks, and harvest tobacco. When construction finished, they became the first twelve patients of the state's Hospital for the Negro Insane. For centuries, Black patients have been absent from our history books. Madness transports readers behind the brick walls of a Jim Crow asylum.

In Madness, Peabody and Emmy award-winning journalist Antonia Hylton tells the 93 year-old history of Crownsville Hospital, one of the last segregated asylums with surviving records and a campus that still stands to this day in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. She blends the intimate tales of patients and employees whose lives were shaped by Crownsville with a decade's worth of investigative research and archival documents. Madness chronicles the stories of Black families whose mental health suffered as they tried, and sometimes failed, to find safety and dignity. Hylton also grapples with her own family's experiences with mental illness, and the secrecy and shame that it reproduced for generations.

As Crownsville Hospital grew from an antebellum-style work camp to a tiny city sitting over 1,500 acres, the instituation ebcame a microcosm of America's evolving battles over slavery, racial integration and civils rights. During its peak years, the hospital's wards were overflowing with almost 2,700 patients. By the end of the 20th- century, the asylum faded from view as prisons and jails became America's new focus.

In Madness, Hylton traces the legacy of slavery to the treatment of Black people's bodies and minds in our current mental healthcare systems. It is a captivating and heartbreaking mediation on how America decides who is sick or criminal and who is worthy of our care or irredeemable."

My Rating: 5/5

As intense as this book is, I feel it is incredibly important to learn about. How race impacts healthcare and how prejudice affects the care that is offered for individuals. It also made some valid points. Did we stop institutions just to move people into a box and criminalize their mental health? The idea that the same symptoms in a white patient vs a black patient, even now results in such different care or lack thereof, is crazy to me. 

Thanks for reading,

Sidny